The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is held from October 28 to 31 in Beijing
A key session of the Communist Party of China (CPC), held in Beijing on October 28-31, adopted a decision on some major issues concerning how to uphold and improve the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and advance the modernization of China’s capacity for governance. Below are edited excerpts of a report published by Xinhua News Agency.
The 19th CPC Central Committee concluded its fourth plenary session in Beijing on October 31 with the release of a communiqué.
Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, made an important speech and delivered a work report.
The session reviewed and adopted the CPC Central Committee’s decision on some major issues concerning how to uphold and improve the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and advance the modernization of China’s system and capacity for governance.
1.4.1 多数村庄建设缺少科学合理的总体规划。村庄的数量、规模、平面布局、空间结构、功能组合都缺乏科学性，村庄建设不能形成合理控制和正确引导，更不具有任何约束力和内控力。农民个体上对于合理规划他们的房屋意识欠缺，常常导致胡乱修建、胡乱开发，很多人有“道路修到哪，房屋建到哪”的观念，房屋难以集中连片［4］。
农业机械化是农业发展的方向。国家应对农业机械技术培训给予高度重视，加强对农业机械技术人才的培训和教育，还要有效组织农业机械技术培训工作。根据农村地区发展的实际情况，采取多样化、创新性的培训措施，使农民在理解的基础上加以掌握，切实提高农民的机械操作能力。加强宣传教育，激发广大农民群众参与培训的热情。在实践中发展农业科技，推动我国农业向着机械化、现代化的方向发展。
The session vowed to see that institutions in all fi elds are notably improved when the CPC marks its centenary before the modernization of China’s system and capacity for governance is basically achieved by 2035 and realized in full as the People’s Republic of China celebrates its own centenary.
我们知道，文学作品都是表达创作者对现实生活的情感、态度与价值观的，而这种表达方式，不是通过发表议论或高喊口号来实现的，而是借助语言文字，通过塑造艺术形象和某个故事载体来反映现实生活，以强烈的艺术感染力去推动读者进行自己的思考与判断，什么是生活中的美，什么是生活中的丑。微小说《等》的创作者（佚名），就是这样做的，他（或她）巧妙地通过一个故事的讲述，表达了他（或她）的情感、态度与价值观。
信用等级造成的金融风险以及金融体系所造成的金融风险，都和银行的信贷业务有着一定的联系，银行借贷业务属于银行的重要经济来源，属于银行的主要业务。银行在开展信贷业务的过程中，没有正确地掌握客户的信用登记，或者是在信贷后期工作中产生一定的问题，就会出现银行信贷危机，这样金融体系中就会产生金融风险。所以为了能够有效地识别金融风险，就需要充分掌握银行信贷业务，而且需要及时地整理银行信贷信息，通过使用各种银行信贷信息数据能够有效地掌握金融风险的发生概率，这样可以有效地控制以及识别金融风险。
The session fully affirmed the work of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee since the Third Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, acknowledging its endeavors that led to major achievements in various causes of the Party and the country despite complicated situations marked by increasing risks and challenges at home and abroad.
All the work and activities of China’s national governance are carried out in accordance with the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, said the document, noting that the country’s system and capacity for governance are a crystallization of the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and its enforcement capability.
The communiqué said as proven by practice, the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and China’s system for governance are systems of strong vitality and huge strength.
“All these notable strengths are the fundamental basis for fostering stronger confi dence in the path, theory, system and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics,” the communiqué said.
女人回到医生办公室坐下来喝新沏的茶水，她很想抽一根烟。女人在内心烦恼的时候总是要抽一根烟的，只有让全身心进入到那种吞云吐雾的状态中，她才能使整个人平静下来。
Strength
— Upholding and improving the system of institutions for Party leadership to improve its capacity to practice scientific, democratic and law-based governance;
—Upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC, following the CPC’s scientifi c theories, maintaining political stability and ensuring that the country keeps advancing in the direction of socialism;
—Seeing that the people run the country, promoting the people’s democracy, maintaining close ties with the people and relying on them to push forward the country’s development;
—Ensuring law-based governance in all fi elds, building a country of socialist rule of law, and guaranteeing social fairness and justice and the people’s rights;
—Ensuring that the whole country works together and stimulating the enthusiasm of all aspects to mobilize resources for major undertakings;
—Upholding equality between all ethnic groups, creating a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation to work jointly for common prosperity and development;
—Upholding the dominant role of the public sector and common development of economic entities under diverse forms of ownership, the distribution system whereby distribution according to labor is dominant and a variety of other modes of distribution exist alongside it, and the synergy between the socialist system and the market economy, and continuously unlocking and developing the productive forces;
对胡家庄碳酸岩型稀土矿低盐度和高盐度包裹体使用等容线相交法，大致推测流体均一温度为190～230℃，均一压力为30～95MPa，盐度变化范围为(15～20)wt%NaCl.eq，为碳酸岩型稀土矿，与国内第二大稀土矿——四川牦牛坪碳酸岩型稀土矿矿石类型相似，四川牦牛坪稀土矿H类包裹体均一温度集中在230～265℃[17]，而山东微山稀土矿H类包裹体盐度变化为(16.0～22.4)wt%NaCl.eq，均一温度变化为121～238℃，故该稀土矿与微山稀土矿流体包裹体特征更具相似性。
—Upholding common ideals and convictions, values, and moral standards, promoting China’s fine traditional culture, revolutionary culture and advanced socialist culture, as well as inspiring the people to embrace shared ideologies and mindsets;
—Adhering to the vision of making development people-centered, and continuously guaranteeing and improving people’s livelihoods and wellbeing to achieve common prosperity for everyone;
—Continuing reform and innovation, moving with the times, and promoting self-improvement and development to build a society full of vitality;
—Selecting officials based on integrity and ability and on the basis of merit regardless of background to cultivate more talented individuals;
—Keeping the armed forces under the Party’s command and ensuring that the people’s armed forces are completely loyal to the Party and the people so as to safeguard China’s sovereignty, security and development interests;
美国外科肿瘤学会(ACOSOG)的Z0011试验[8-9]是一项前瞻性的随机对照研究，结果表明肿瘤大小≤5 cm、转移的前哨淋巴结≤2枚，且接受保乳治疗及后续的全乳放疗的病人并不能从腋窝淋巴结清扫中获益。Z0011试验后续的10年随访结果显示，仅行前哨淋巴结活检的病人中在5～10年间仅有1例出现局部复发，行腋窝淋巴结清扫组则未出现局部复发，但10年无病生存率和10年总生存率并无明显差异。此结论仍支持此前符合入组条件的前哨淋巴结1～2枚阳性的乳腺癌患者可以不行腋窝淋巴结清扫的观点。
—Upholding the principle of “one country, two systems,” maintaining lasting prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, and promoting the peaceful reunifi cation of China;
The session underscored:
These systems are able to push for the continuous progress of the country with nearly 1.4 billion people and ensure the realization of the two centenary goals toward the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, which has a civilization of more than 5,000 years, it added.
Targets and tasks
The session stressed upholding and improving the fundamental, basic and important institutions that underpin the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics. A set of institutions that are well conceived, fully built, procedure-based and effi ciently functioning must be built to better transform institutional strength into effective governance, it added.
“The system of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a scientifi c system developed by the Party and the people through their long-term practices and explorations,” the communiqué read.
—Adhering to the unity of independence and self-reliance and opening up to the rest of the world, taking an active part in global governance, and continuing to make contributions to the building of a community with a shared future for humanity.
The communiqué said China’s state and governance systems enjoy notable strengths in the following aspects:
— Upholding and improving the system of institutions through which the people run the country and developing socialist democracy;
— Upholding and improving the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics and improving the Party’s capacity for law-based governance and law-based exercising of state power;
— Upholding and improving the government administration system of socialism with Chinese characteristics. A law-based government administration with well-defi ned functions and duties shall be built;
— Upholding and improving China’s basic socialist economic system and promoting the high-quality development of the economy;
— Upholding and improving the system to make advanced socialist culture prosperous and developed to consolidate the common ideological foundation upon which all people are united and work together;
— Upholding and improving the livelihood system for protecting both urban and rural residents and working to meet people’s everincreasing needs for a better life;
为了应对繁重的飞行任务，已经年过半百的程凤萍还参与了各类健身运动来锻炼身体，时刻保持旺盛的精力。具有执飞A320、A321、A319三种机型资质的程凤萍现在已经是乘务长和带飞教员，她告诉人民交通网：“不管有着怎样的心情，只要一穿上乘务员的制服后，我就可以立马找到感觉。我热爱这个职业，是这个职业给我带来自信、自豪、自强，只要政策允许，我希望我能够飞到六十岁！”
— Upholding and improving the social governance system based on collaboration, participation and common interests, as well as maintaining social stability and defending national security;
— Upholding and improving the system for developing an ecological civilization and promoting the harmonious coexistence between humans and nature;
在最优工艺条件下进行马铃薯预处理工艺验证实验。通过软件Design-Expert 8.0.6对所得到的响应面模型进行分析，得到马铃薯最佳预处理工艺参数为漂烫温度91.34 ℃、漂烫时间4.17 min、切片厚度4.1 mm和冷冻时间3.05 h，此条件下马铃薯的规范化综合得分为0.9453。考虑到实际操作的可行性，修正参数后马铃薯脆片最佳预处理工艺为漂烫温度 91 ℃、漂烫时间4 min、切片厚度4 mm和冷冻时间3 h，得到规范化综合评分0.9572，与预测值基本一致，说明该回归模型准确，主成分分析与响应面分析法相结合对马铃薯脆片预处理工艺进行优化的综合评价方法准确可行。
— Upholding and improving the Party’s absolute leadership over the armed forces and ensuring that they will faithfully fulfi ll their missions in the new era;
— Upholding and improving the system of “one country, two systems” and advancing the process toward the peaceful reunifi cation of China;
— Upholding and improving the independent foreign policy of peace and working to build a community with a shared future for humanity;
— Upholding and improving the Party and state oversight systems and strengthening checks on and oversight over the exercise of power.
The session was attended by 202 members of the CPC Central Committee and 169 alternate members of the CPC Central Committee.
Also present were members of the Standing Committee of the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, senior offi cials of relevant departments, a number of delegates to the 19th CPC National Congress who work at the grassroots level as well as experts and scholars.
果蔬运输系统设计框图，如图2所示。果蔬采摘后，贴条形码进入流通领域。条形码已被广泛应用在果蔬采摘系统，人工读取一个条形码需要大约10s，用机器读取条形码花费的时间大概是2s。
（12）報豈容逃，餘民犯別聽，言乾不見。（《太上說玄天大聖真武本傳神呪妙經註》卷一，《中华道藏》30/540）
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