In Apaah, a small community in the Ashanti Region of Ghana, Issac Boadu's dream of becoming a university student and an architect will soon materialize. That is once he gains admission to Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, one of Ghana's premier institutions of higher learning, later this year.
综艺节目、金庸作品大全、靓绝五台山或是电子竞技，我都不甚了解，只能默默看着朋友圈一波接一波的缅怀和庆祝。人们也许没有一期不落地看完《非常6+1》，没有精读过金庸的那副“对联”，但旧人旧物确是自己青春里实实在在的标点，一提到他们，仿佛就闪回到阳光灿烂的日子。
Boadu will finance his own tuition from savings he has made over two years from working with Boomers International, a bamboo bicycle manufacturer located in his community. He hopes to secure admission to a distance learning program in order to keep his job while pursuing his studies.
降低阴极锌含Cu，首先应该降低新液含Cu2+，提高新液的净化深度，从根本上减少Cu2+的内部来源，在此基础上，电积操作过程中要高度注意，通过加强以上改进措施可以防止导电头和导电片上因发生化学反应而形成的Cu2+进入电解槽内，减少Cu的外部来源，使生产的阴极锌含Cu满足要求。
When Boadu finished his secondary school education four years ago, he thought it would not amount to much because his parents could not afford to support his tertiary education.
摆谱，看似高调嚣张，不可一世，其实是对自己的极端不自信，想通过外在的东西来证实自己的价值。摆谱，不仅其俗无比，丑陋不堪，而且还有点悬，风险不小，搞不好就会弄巧成拙，适得其反。
“I knew my parents couldn't afford to send me to university. My expectation for my own future is very low,” he said.
This is the story of many young people, like Boadu, who are living in various deprived communities across Ghana, where a lack of economic empowerment means the death of their aspirations.
Boadu's fortunes changed when a friend told him about a new company that was using bamboo to make bicycles in his area.
1.2.3 抗凝强度 本研究采用低强度抗凝标准，选用华法林抗凝治疗，其中瓣环植入、生物瓣膜置换、主动脉瓣机械瓣膜置换 （aortic valve replacement，AVR）控制 INR 1.6～2.2；二尖瓣机械瓣膜置换（mitral valve replacement，MVR）、主动脉瓣及二尖瓣双瓣机械瓣膜置换 （double valve replacement，DVR）INR控制在1.8～2.5。
“The goal is not about me or my personal gains and achievements. It is about the good of the community,” he stressed.
“When we got there, I saw young men like me working on the bikes. I got interested and successfully got employment there in 2016,” he said.
Rural opportunities
In 2009, long before Boadu was employed at Boomers International, Mkwabena Danso, Co-Founder of the Yonso Project (named after the district where he is based), which was geared at providing opportunities for rural folks through sustainable development activities, conceived the idea of using bamboo to make bicycles.
Under the Yonso Project, young people of Apaah who were school dropouts, were trained to make bicycles from bamboo. The project, according to Danso, was important in economically empowering the youth and helping curb the menace of migration from the rural community to the urban centers.
Danso said the project was well received and it wasn't long before the bamboo bicycles were gaining attention in the market. This, he said, encouraged him to go commercial in 2014 to produce the bikes on a large scale. He launched Boomers International that year and currently works as the chief executive oきcer (CEO).
“When the company went commercial, we absorbed most of the people trained from the Yonso Project. However, commercializing the project did not change the focus of providing economic freedom to many rural folks,” he said.
He told ChinAfrica that he realized living in the rural areas was less stressful than living in the big cities, however, most youth were migrating to the urban centers for greener pastures because there were not enough economic activities to keep them at home.
“The CEO of Boomers International is from here [Yonso], so the youth especially have a great example to follow,” he said.
经济发展水平(ED)：一般而言，工业化进程中经济发展水平越高，制造业结构越高级，本文使用人均国内生产总值(GDP)度量经济发展水平，其值越大，说明经济发展水平越高。
Boahen was hopeful that the technical skills Boomers International is sharing with employees will go a long way in helping them in their personal lives.
“Comparatively, there is no big difference between the normal bicycles and the bamboo ones, but the novelty of it is the attention it gets from people. When I am on my bamboo bicycle, it makes me feel special,” he said.
He confirmed that bamboo groves are now being protected by people in his community, who would have destroyed them in the past to farm the land.
Community engagement
Danso said his company is first and foremost a social enterprise committed to dealing with serious issues aあecting his community.
建大樱桃园时要选择见光好的阳坡、半阳坡，栽植密度不宜过大。生产中要及时对大樱桃拉枝开角，让枝条开张角度，保证树冠内部光照。
Intrigued by the news, he asked his friend to take him to the company to see what the bamboo-bicycle fuss was all about.
Nana Oduro Boahen, Chief of Yonso District, is excited about Boomers International story and how it has given locals in his community a chance to see that they can rise above any bleak situation if they persevere.
When asked why he chose bamboo to make bicycles, Danso said the idea was to find natural resources in their community to use as a catalyst for creating sustainable development ventures.
“Bamboo is abundant in Apaah and we discovered that it had a lot of tensile strength, twice as much as steel and was environmentally sustainable,” he added. Only the bike frames are made from bamboo.
The bamboo goes through a long process of harvesting, chemical and heat treatment, selection, frame wrapping with sisal strips, sanding and inspection.
The prince said Boomers International was one of the finest solutions for combating the eあects of climate change.
Since the company's inception, it has successfully crafted over 4,000 bamboo bicycles that have been sold internationally. Currently 120 bicycles are made every month.
The company also makes bicycle trims and other accessories from bamboo for export.
在晴天无云的条件下10：00～14：00时，使用手持ASD光谱仪采集作物野外光谱，该光谱仪的光谱范围325～1 075 nm，采样间隔为1.4 nm。光谱测量采用25试场角探头，探头离地面的高度为1.0 m，测量时探头垂直于地面，每个样地采集15条光谱，测量前进行白板校正，每隔10～15条重新优化仪器。
Though bamboo bicycles have existed for some time in other markets, for a developing country like Ghana, to be a forerunner in reintroducing them speaks volumes for what Ghana, and Africa in general, can oあer the world.
Speaking about the uniqueness of the bamboo bicycle, Walter Agbeko Kudzodzi, a Ghanaian communications consultant, told ChinAfrica that he bought the bike out of curiosity and has not regretted the purchase.
According to Kudzodzi, since he is an outdoor person, he opted for a mountain bike which he has enjoyed from the time he made the purchase back in 2015.
夜晚的布莱德湖在灯光和烛光的点缀下，显得十分绚丽多彩。欣赏完湖景，不妨品尝一下颇具当地特色的布莱德奶油蛋糕。薄薄的糖霜下是层层酥皮，酥皮之下是甜而不腻的奶油和滑爽的芝士蛋糕，蛋糕的口感一层比一层香醇，是很受欢迎的传统点心。
One of the biggest fans of Boomer bikes is Britain's Prince Charles. While on a visit to Ghana in November 2018, the prince, an avid promoter of environmental sustainability, said he had heard so much about the bikes and was going to buy one.
通过测试与计算，本设计新型低功耗安防系统是完全可以实现的，且具备功耗低、功能全面、接口标准、扩展性强、搭建方便、投资低的特性，取得了良好的效果。不仅满足了油气管道阀室对安防系统的功能需求、低功耗需求，更能够满足远程巡检的需求，提高了运维人员的巡检效率，减少了无效巡检次数。同时，由于耗电量较低，降低了太阳能系统的容量，减小了极板的面积，减少了阀室用地面积。大大降低了偏远阀室进行安防系统建设与运行维护的整体投资。有广阔的应用前景，为地处偏远、耗电量受限、征地面积较小的阀室进行安防系统的建设，提供了良好的解决方案与设计思路。
Boomers International makes a variety of bicycles, including children's tricycles, electric bikes, mountain bikes, hybrid bikes, normal city bikes and road bikes. The bikes have been well received in various markets in Europe and North America.
初中生的自学能力尚未成形，为此，教师在实际教学中，必须重视学生思维能力的培养。初中数学作为一门严谨及逻辑性强的学科，在实际教学中，教师可进行理解性的教与学，以有效培养学生的逻辑思维能力，进而为学生的数学学习提供良好帮助。
Social responsibility
Boomers International employs 40 young people and has an additional casual staあ of 20 who harvest the bamboo and make the fiber for wrapping the bicycle frame, and 200 farmers who cultivate bamboo.
“To ensure that standards are maintained, I often work closely with my team through the entire manufacturing process, from the harvesting of bamboo through the final assembly of bicycles,” said Danso, who learned the art of making bicycle from a friend in the business, and called the company Boomers International after the word “bamboo”.
Commenting on the social impact the company has had on the community, he is delighted at how lives are being improved directly and indirectly in the community. Almost all the company employees are now independent and could put food on the table at home.
One of Danso's rural community projects launched in 2017 is providing free bamboo bicycles for pupils in the community, with priority given to girls. Also a school construction project, which he spearheaded, will be commissioned in September for the community.
“We provide bicycles for the pupils to increase basic literacy. We do not want distance to be an impediment to accessing basic education,” he said.
建设项目选址考虑的因素比较多，要结合“优地优用、地尽其用、节约集约用地”方针，既要考虑经济、社会、生态效益，也要考虑对不同类型建设项目起主导作用的影响因素[8]。在项目选址决策时既需要定性考虑多规合一的空间符合性，也要定量分析项目选址质量的其它影响因子，能针对不同用地性质的项目实现规划相符空间布局最优的智能化选址。首先构建项目选址模型因子库，选取多规合一符合性因子和选址优化相关因子，进一步细化项目选址的各大类相关因子形成一套可计算、可操作、可比较的因子体系，并以此作为规划选址的科学依据。多规合一符合性因子见表1，项目选址优化涉及常见因子见表2。
The whole idea is to eventually transform the rural areas through investment so they are places that are attractive for youth to stay.
To make the business more sustainable, Boomers International hopes to reclaim a 20-hectare area over five years to cultivate bamboo. Each year four hectares will be cultivated. In addition, the company will roll out a bamboo agroforestry program to train people how to grow bamboo.
Danso said his company will also provide free seedlings to the trainees and buy bamboo from them once they mature.
“We cannot wait to be the pioneers of Africa's first bamboo village,” said Danso. CA
Bamboo bikes are changing lives in Ghana
* * Reporting from Ghana
* * Comments to niyanshuo@chinafrica.cn
标签：因子论文; 瓣膜论文; 光谱论文; 项目论文; 安防论文; 社会科学总论论文; 社会学论文; 社会生活与社会问题论文; 《ChinAfrica》2019年第9期论文;