Online live streaming is big business nowadays, raking in huge profits and attracting hundreds of millions of viewers. In addition to adults, this fl ourishing sector is now drawing underage live streamers. According to a report by the Sina Weibo Data Center, as early as in 2016, live streamers aged 11-16 accounted for 12 percent of all streamers in China. The figure has been rising still, while streamers are getting younger.
While showing the tech savviness of young people, it has an adverse side as well. There have been controversies like webcasts by minors who flaunted their pregnancy. These and other controversies have stirred up heated discussions on whether there should be a sweeping ban on underage live streamers or at least a partial ban.
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当栽培袋发满菌丝后，移入菇棚l0天左右可形成菌蕾，此时室温应控制在l3～l8℃，空气相对湿度80%～90%，每天通风3～5次，每次25～30分钟。菌墙高度以码放8层菌棒为宜，同时人为增大棚室内的温差，进行变温刺激，以利出菇。
To totally reject underage streamers is not the best choice. We are now in an Internet era where live streaming and short videos are already common. The underage also have the right to participate in Internetrelated business, which should be respected and guaranteed. To bar them is unwise and impossible. But of course, without proper guidance and standards to rein them in, they can be easily misled and tempted by monetary baits, which could result in their lives being ruined.
Zhang Dongmei (Guangzhou Daily): Acting cute while doing homework, pitching cosmetic brands as models, dancing and singing, more and more children are live streaming these days. So regulating the involvement of underage streamers has become an urgent issue.
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Some legal experts recently issued a report on protection of minors in the cyberspace, suggesting that those under 14 should be restricted from independently live streaming and posting videos online. They should be allowed to do so only when they are accompanied by their parents or have their parents’ consent.
While most people taking part in the public debates say minors should be blocked from this sector, there are however some who think that as long as there are explicit standards and supervision, minors should be allowed to live stream.
Ban, a better option
Mao Jianguo (Southern Metropolis Daily): Rapid Internet development has brought humdingers like webcasts and short videos, which are now growing into a big industry. Like others, this industry too is not immune to negative things. Nowadays, webcasts are suspected of having become a hotbed of improper programs. Particularly, the involvement of minors in this industry is making the situation more complicated.
There are many reasons minors take to live streaming. Some are there for fun and to showcase their artistic talent, some come to make money, and some to spend their free time. Therefore, a sweeping ban on all underage streamers seems to be going too far. There have been some suggestions that children under 14 should be banned from live streaming or posting their videos online unless they’ve got consent from their parents or are accompanied by their parents.
The government has already taken a series of precautionary measures, such as requiring real-name authentication and limiting online time for kids. Despite these efforts, a lot of challenges still exist. So banning children under the age of 14 from webcasting and posting short videos will help to solve the problem fundamentally.
A blanket ban on webcasts by minors is indeed not the best option, but there are seldom perfect options in the world. In most cases, we have to choose the lesser of two evils. The webcast sector, though it is prospering, has been found to be unhealthy in some aspects. So there must be some way to cure it for its long-term good.
Webcasts are not something minors should get involved in. Their major task is to study and grow up in a healthy way. The webcast sector is not supposed to capitalize on children. Some argue that to shield children from Internet ills, one has to address not just Internet problems but problems in real life. Why are more children getting increasingly addicted to the Internet? Why is the real world losing appeal for them?
First, a large number of webcast platforms are profit-driven, so no one can guarantee that they will not produce improper content involving minors. Second, the impact of webcasts on the underage goes beyond the content. It eats so deeply into the young generation’s time that it might destroy the future of the young. Third, if webcasts are seen as an industry, then to use minors as live streamers violates China’s Labor Law.
1.目的明确。对于高年级的学生来说，我们应该让他们明白做作业的目的?明白我们不是为了做作业而去做作业，而是通过作业的形式来培养自身的一些良好习惯，形成良好的素质，从而为他们将来的发展奠定好基础。
In spite of continuous calls for underage webcasts to be banned, some argue that the focus should be on content, not on the age of live streamers. This suggestion, while it seems reasonable, fails to see three problems.
终于有一天，老人过世了，律师宣读遗嘱时，三个孩子都从国外赶了回来，那学生也到了。遗嘱宣读之后，三个孩子都变了脸，因为老人居然糊涂到把大部分的收藏都给了那个学生。
1988年海淀区举办“第一届作文教学大赛”，我再次代表学校参赛，并一举夺得全区一等奖。可以说，在不断的课堂教学探索中，我的业务水平在快速的成长。
Indeed, it’s important to tackle problems in the real world but this does not mean that problems in cyberspace should be ignored.
Standardize, not ban
遵循着中国线条的经典，或者说，完善着从书法分离出来的，同时也是束缚的线条的意义和形式，在结束中国卷轴室内风景画时代之后，这位画家仍旧为我们保存着能让我们兴奋得精神失常的中国传统画的视角。我们西方人习惯于把视角看作是一种逃避，包括立体主义，它们不过是用一个固定的点——“观看”的那个点，来逃避另外那些我们不想描绘太多的事物。因而之后的种主义，或者说各种逃避都与观看方式有关。比如抽象派，立体主义，德国表现主义。
dingying@bjreview.com
4. ... is the real problem: all the wars in the world.
Also, the underage audience of underage streamers might be misled by improper content as well. Therefore, it’s necessary and even urgent to standardize the underage webcast sector.
In 2017, the media reported that some live streaming platforms were showing indecent exposure by minors. In 2018, some short video platforms carried live streaming by pregnant underage girls who showed their pregnancy kits and antepartum examinations. It triggered a demand that these webcasts be blacklisted and they were.
It’s not that children’s live streaming should be stopped but there must be some criteria and guidance. The content of live streaming is more important than age. To ensure healthy live streaming by children, there should be some compulsory preconditions.
Tian Ge (Beijing Youth Daily): Online live streaming has seen a boom in recent years, but obviously, this sector needs to be standardized, especially underage live streamers. Some think that before this sector is cleaned up, children should be kept away. Their worry is not groundless. All illegal or immoral activities in the adult world will have much more serious consequences if they occur among the underage, and might ruin the children involved.
It’s been found that a large number of underage streamers are drinking, smoking or even exposing to attract viewers. It’s also a matter of concern that by doing so, they can earn a handsome income. The appeal of live streaming is so strong that few of them can resist it. In the best case scenario, live streaming will affect children’s schoolwork and waste their precious youth; in the worst case scenario, they will develop bad values and an improper outlook, which will damage their future.
There are calls for the underage to stay away from live streaming, and some webcast companies have said that they will not allow streamers under the age of 18. The Ministry of Culture and Tourism stipulates that online live streamers must register by using their ID.
However, the reality is that many minors choose to circumvent that by using the IDs of adults, who also go through the face scanning required for verifi cation. All this means that to block minors from webcasting, it’s not enough to depend on their self-discipline.
Parents should tell their children about the downside of getting involved in live streaming so that children develop an objective attitude toward live streaming. Adults should not lend their IDs to children to register for live streaming. And the watchdogs must patrol webcast platforms more actively and remove all unauthorized videos of underage streamers.
Take age-wise measures
Editorial (The Beijing News): Given the chaos in China’s online streaming sector, efforts must be made to rectify the situation. Apart from improper content, when underage girls live stream their pregnancy photos and pregnancy test kits, their privacy is breached. Also, since people’s values and outlook on life are formed in their teens, such live streaming experiences may distort their outlook, whether they are the actual live streamers or the underage audience.
谐振式光波导陀螺作为第三代光学陀螺,采用了光波导谐振腔作为光学陀螺仪的敏感元件[1-2]。与激光陀螺相比,这种方案不存在闭锁效应等问题;与干涉式光纤陀螺相比,这种方案不再需要几公里长的光纤环,适合器件的小型化发展要求[3-4],其敏感单元可以采用平面半导体工艺进行加工,具有较高的加工重复性和器件集成化能力,并且采用大规模集成制造技术有望降低器件成本,实现低成本大批量的制造;鉴于上述原因,谐振式微光学陀螺未来将成为角速度传感领域发展的趋势之一,具有非常高的研究意义和应用价值[5]。
But a sweeping ban on underage live streamers is not the best option. It’s better to divide minors into different age groups. Banning those under the age of 14 from registering as live streamers is fi ne since they are still undergoing compulsory education and live streaming will affect their school work.
For those between 14 and 18, since they are mostly outside the purview of compulsory education, they can be allowed to live stream but they must be accompanied by adults and get their guardians’ consent. Besides, the content of their live streaming must be supervised. Restrictions on underage streamers’ live streaming are especially necessary as they might be misguided otherwise and then their future might be ruined.
Copyedited by Sudeshna Sarkar
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