The author is an associate researcher with the Institute of Arms Control and Security Studies, China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations
With the years-long U.S.-led hunt for Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, leader of the terrorist group ISIS, coming to a dramatic end on October 27 with his death in Syria in a U.S. raid, the group has been dealt a blow at a time its infl uence is waning.
目前开挖边坡下方主要为二期厂房，边坡开挖将严重威胁二期厂房人员安全及正常运营及安全。破坏边坡上方停车场运营及安全，进步一步发展会破整个坡体，直接经济损失估计不小于9000万元。
Under Baghdadi, ISIS controlled a vast swath of territory and tens of thousands of fi ghters. With its self-styled caliphate or Islamic state declared in 2014, it spread in Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan, and parts of Africa and Southeast Asia, unleashing a new wave of violence and barbaric acts around the world.
Challenges for heir
A U.S.-led coalition destroyed the group’s organization and ousted it from its claimed territory in a two-year campaign, declaring victory over ISIS in March. Baghdadi’s death was the latest coup de grace.
After Baghdadi’s death, the group, underground but still not disbanded, announced Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurayshi as his successor, a shadowy figure about whom even less is known than about Baghdadi. It remains to be seen if the new man will be able to command the loyalty Baghdadi did in the beginning. Joining ISIS has been losing its appeal with reports of hundreds of fi ghters deserting or being killed or captured.
It still has fighters in Iraq and Syria. According to reports released by the UN and U.S. Central Command, there are about 12,000-18,000 fi ghters in the two countries with another 10,000 under detention. ISIS fi ghters are still able to move freely in parts of Iraq and Syria and elsewhere and launch attacks to demonstrate that the group can still strike at will. This will undermine public confi dence in the local authorities and create the illusion that ISIS has rallied and is staging a comeback.
Hence they treat terrorism, especially specifi c terrorist organizations and terrorist incidents involving their own interests, differently, which makes it diffi cult to mobilize everyone’s strength in addressing the problem.
While marking a major victory in international counter-terrorism efforts, Baghdadi’s death does not mean ISIS is on its way to extinction. The U.S. Government, military and intelligence departments have all assessed that the group still has the capability to inspire terror attacks around the world, if not actually carry them out itself, and still poses a threat to the international community.
Threats remain
其实最后一刻，念蓉几乎动摇。她非常希望楚墨所说的一切都是真的，可是细想来，每一个字又都那般可疑。即将睡着的时候，念蓉想，在这件事情上，她也许有些太过分了。当然不是对楚墨过分，而是对这件事情的处理方式过分。就算楚墨真的在外面招惹女人，错只在楚墨，或者只在那个被楚墨招惹的叫做静秋的女人，跟姐姐与姐夫有什么关系呢？跟陈老先生与陈老太太又有什么关系呢？她犯得着往电台打电话？她有什么资格让毫不相干的人跟她担惊受怕？
郭文安：肯定会，其实王道俊先生在去世前就已经提出了修改的方向和建议。大概《教育学》一书的理论体系不会有大的改变，但在内容上将继续充实、改进和完善。这也会导致章节内部逻辑体系的调整、变化和发展。因为，这涉及价值取向的问题，我们国家的教育首先是以马克思主义、毛泽东思想为指导，坚持以人为本的教育观是中国教育学教材建设的根本要求，当然坚持马克思主义也要与时俱进，要体现时代的要求与特色。
What will happen to ISIS now? One possibility is it will slip into internal strife. Once a highly centralized and hierarchical administrative system with Baghdadi at the core, exercising absolute authority, ISIS has been dispersed and the cohesion has slackened. The new leader will fi nd it a challenge to claim undivided allegiance.
ISIS had eight so-called provinces in Khorasan, a region in northeast Iran, Nigeria,
A band performs at a concert in celebration of the government’s victory over ISIS militants in Palmyra, Syria, on August 30
ISIS fi ghters turn themselves in to the local government in Kunar Province, Afghanistan, on August 22
Some countries tend to be self-centric. While they are ready to counter any threat to themselves and would seek international assistance to maintain their own stability, they are, however, slow to respond to or even ignore other public security risks that do not affect them directly.
Vested interests
Since the September 11 terrorist attacks on the United States in 2001, the international community has failed to fi ght against terrorism with persistent concerted efforts. One reason is that terrorist forces are expanding, the other is that different countries have different strategic priorities.
Another extremist group, Al-Qaeda, from whom ISIS sprang up, might profit from this. ISIS was locked in a fi erce battle with Al-Qaeda for leadership of the international jihadist movement, or holy war. Al-Qaeda dismissed Baghdadi’s self-declared caliphate as illegitimate and extremist, and criticized it as being against Islam. Followers of Al-Qaeda cheered online after hearing of Baghdadi’s death. Now some of Baghdadi’s followers might defect to Al-Qaeda. In Syria, the Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, an alliance of militant groups once affiliated to Al-Qaeda, is likely to become the leader of domestic terrorist forces.
在地球上打洞，是为了缩短从地球的一端到达另一端的时间。最简单的模型，即在地球两极之间开一个洞，让物体自由的掉落进去。但即便如此，也可以使运输时间从原先漫长的十几个小时缩短到短短四十多分钟。我们首先对其进行简单的研究。
XINHUA Libya, Algeria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Yemen and the Caucasus. In May it announced new provinces in Pakistan and India. These branches have repeatedly expressed their support for their brethren in Iraq and Syria via videos. With the group’s desire to avenge Baghdadi’s death, there could be retaliatory violence around the world under the new leadership.
以往学者在顾客间沟通方式的研究中，对于从时间维度上进行分类并进而探究不同的沟通方式对顾客感知体验和行为意愿等的影响鲜有涉足。因此本研究从这个角度切入，将沟通划分为同步沟通和异步沟通，并探究这两种沟通方式对顾客心流体验的影响差异以及中间的心理加工机制，以填补顾客沟通理论上的一个必要的缺口。
Counter-terrorism is regarded as a strategic tool sometimes, and there is double standard on related issues to safeguard national interests. For example, the U.S., with the intention to contain the former Soviet Union, once supported the expansion of Al-Qaeda, and called Osama bin Laden, its leader, a “freedom fi ghter.”
There is also a mismatch between countries’ ability and willingness to fight terrorism. Though the U.S. and many European countries are capable of doing so, they focus more on domestic security, taking part in counter-terrorism efforts only when their own interests are involved. On the other hand, countries suffering from terrorism, such as Syria, Afghanistan and Libya, are unable to combat the menace. Their lack of resources and inhospitable terrain make it easy for terrorist groups to hide and spread out in these countries.
Though the post-Baghdadi era is an important time for striking at terrorism, yet U.S. President Donald Trump has announced the withdrawal of most U.S. troops from Syria, leaving only about 150 soldiers at a base in south Syria and another few hundreds to protect oil fi elds in east Syria.
With the withdrawal of U.S. troops, the struggle for dominance in the region might intensify. How to deal with the ensuing security vacuum and prevent ISIS from making a comeback will be a major challenge for the international community.
Matters have been complicated by Turkey launching an offensive against the Kurdish militia, who fought ISIS alongside U.S. troops in Syria. A large number of Kurdish security personnel, who used to guard the prisons where ISIS fi ghters and their families were held, had to leave for the frontline. Subsequently, several ISIS fighters escaped. That may affect the region’s security one day.
Against this backdrop, how the international community puts aside its prejudices and deepens cooperation to jointly combat ISIS and other terror organizations will be critical for counter-terrorism efforts.
Copyedited by Sudeshna Sarkar
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