China focuses on reforms and dialogue despite trade tensions By Sherry Qin
Ahead of the 13th round of bilateral trade talks between China and the U.S. in Washington, D.C., economists and entrepreneurs warned that U.S. President Donald Trump has set off a full-blown trade war by imposing several rounds of tariffs on Chinese goods, accusing China of “intellectual property theft” and sanctioning Chinese companies, thereby putting the global economy in danger.
Chinese Vice Premier Liu He led a delegation for another round of high-level consultations with U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer and Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin on October 10-11.
2.正确分析溶质的组成。与水反应的物质,其溶质发生变化,如SO3溶于水后变为H2SO4且水量减少;含结晶水的物质,如CuSO4·5H2O溶于水,水的量会增加;溶质发生变化,如弱酸、弱碱和可水解的盐,溶质的离子组成会发生变化,如NaHCO3溶液中含碳物质有三种:;再如1molNaHSO4溶于水电离出离子的物质的量为3mol。
“This is not only a trade war; this is more and more looking like a signifi cant decoupling, across issues from trade, education, technology and now financial flows,” Tom Orlik, chief economist of Bloomberg Economics, said at the 2019 China and the World Forum held at Columbia University in New York City on September 28.
根据式(12)和式(13)，分别得到各指标的主观权重和客观权重重要系数。对于决策矩阵中的评价指标，可以根据矩估计理论，假设n个样本是从两个总体数据中分别取出的，可得式(14)和式(15):
（3）通过在典型矿山建立技术示范区，并从酸化和重金属溶出控制、微生物群落调节以及植被恢复效果等几方面进一步研究修复内在机制，评估技术的修复效果，建立相应的评估标准。
False rationale
In July, China's central bank expanded the role of foreign credit rating agencies in the bond market to free up markets in fi nancial services. The move aimed to meet the diverse needs of international investors and improve the quality of China's rating industry. In September, the Chinese authorities announced that quota restrictions on two major inbound investment programs—the dollar-denominated Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor program and the Renminbi Qualifi ed Foreign Institutional Investor scheme—would be scrapped to provide qualifi ed foreign investors unrestricted access to the second largest capital market in the world (See page 38).
Chinese Vice Premier Liu He (center) attends a new round of high-level economic and trade consultations together with U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer (left) and Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin in Washington D.C., the United States, on October 10
Regarding the U.S. accusation of currency manipulation against China, Sachs said, “We have laws and rules and defi nitions for a currency manipulator. The Treasury [Department] has set quantitative guidelines to assess that allegation. China does not qualify in any way.”
“It is a deliberate and incredibly stupid way to divide the world, for no reason other than the crazy idea that one country with 4.4 percent of the population of the world should somehow be the predominant primacy country of the world,” Sachs said.
“If there is not a good feeling of political stability and trust in a relationship, then business people can't take the chance,” Daniel Rosen, founding partner of the Rhodium Group, a U.S. economic research fi rm, told Beijing Review.
Recently, there were also reports about the U.S. considering sanctions on more Chinese companies. Responding to them, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Geng Shuang said at a press conference in Beijing on October 8 that “by taking this move, the U.S. violates the basic norms governing international relations, interferes in China's internal affairs and undermines China's interests, which we deplore and fi rmly oppose.”
车辆运动及车辆乘坐舒适性和操纵稳定性由悬架性能所决定。悬架抗俯仰性能决定了车身俯仰角运动响应和车辆丛向载荷转移率，悬架抗侧倾性能决定了车身侧倾角响应和车辆侧向稳定性。另外，悬架的垂向振动特性直接决定了车身的垂向跳动响应和乘坐舒适性，悬架侧倾角刚度及阻尼在前后车轴的分配，间接影响车辆的乘坐舒适。上述悬架的四个性能由悬架刚度和悬架阻尼特性共同决定，又分别对应汽车行驶中发生的4种运动模式，侧倾运动(Roll)、俯仰运动(Pitch)、垂向跳动(Bounce)和翘曲运动(Warp)，如图1所示。
China will soon release a national regulation on bettering the country's business environment. It aims to establish a basic framework of norms for a business environment that treats all market players—domestic and foreign—as equals, and to provide institutional safeguards, in the form of government regulation, for investment and business operation by all types of market players.
The thought that emerged from the forum was that with China in an economic transition, its future growth would be less dependent on exports and more on domestic consumption.
GSM短信模块工作原理(单片机与 SIM900A 的通信设计)：当按下布放按键，单片机进入布放状态时。它会晚一些检测网络信号，同时会结束接口与相关信息的初始化。当传感器的感应模块向MCU的P2口发送信号时，单片机执行程序，单片机P3口发送发短信指令到GSM模块SIM900A读引脚RX引脚，SIM900A模块启动设置好的短信，发送短信给指定的手机号，其模块原理如图7所示。
Resolute on reform
Peter Walker, a former senior partner at McKinsey & Company, pointed out that China's economy today is mainly driven by domestic consumption, rather than trade. “The importance of exports to the U.S. to China's GDP has been shrinking dramatically in the last 10 years. So when we think we can hurt China by limiting its exports, it's not the reality,” Walker said.
Jeffery Sachs, a noted economist and professor at Columbia University, talked about the false rationale behind the trade war, from Trump's trade deficit theory to the America First ideology. “Economics is not a zero-sum game,” he said.
While both countries have suffered from the trade war, Orlik said China has more policy room and measures compared to the U.S., since with the presidential election ahead, the opposition would prevent Trump from implementing populist measures. In September, U.S. manufacturing contracted to the lowest level in a decade.
Jeffery Sachs, a noted economist and professor at Columbia University, speaks at the China and the World Forum at Columbia University in New York City on September 28
“Introducing this regulation now is critical for consolidating our achievements in the reform of government functions in recent years. It is also a key measure for tackling the downward economic pressure and attracting more foreign investment,” Premier Li Keqiang said at an executive meeting of the State Council, China's cabinet, on October 8.
A new engine
The experts agreed that China is on an irreversible road of reforming its fi nancial market. Orlik said China has increasingly liberalized its currency exchange rate and interest rate, with a long-term trajectory toward a more accessible capital market.
Exports of goods and services accounted for 36.04 percent of China's GDP in 2006, at their peak, according to the World Bank. In 2018, the weight of exports sharply declined to 19.51 percent while the GDP maintained a steady 6.6 percent growth. This year, GDP growth recorded 6.3 percent in the fi rst six months, in line with the government-announced annual target of 6-6.5 percent.
In the past 40 years, China has transformed from an agriculture-centered economy to a manufacturing-centered economy, and is poised to become a technology-driven economy in the next decade, Walker told Beijing Review.
As part of the measures to be a technologydriven economy, China is expected to invest $184 billion in 5G by 2025, according to a report by Global System for Mobile Communications Alliance.
“Chinese companies like Alibaba and Tencent and the e-commerce platforms and epayment systems they are creating are really revolutionary,” Orlik said, adding that besides digitalization, they have built platforms which enable small businesses to access markets.
Walker called the Belt and Road Initiative a critical move for China to rid its dependence on the U.S. economy. “Thinking of the magnitude of the trade flows coming out of that from the rest of the world and reinforced by the fact that the U.S. is a guild left alone, we don't have the leverage to ask socalled European allies to play hardball with China,” he said.
在学习科学家探究案例时，思考以下几个问题： ①射线杀死大鼠淋巴细胞和其他白细胞后免疫功能完全丧失，说明了什么？第一、第二组实验进一步证明了什么？②根据第三、第四组实验，说明了抗体是谁产生的？③综合小鼠实验组的3组实验，证明了什么？
In Beijing, Geng outlined the Chinese position, stressing that China was not seeking to score off any country. “As is stressed many times, the nature of China-U.S. economic and trade cooperation is mutually benefi cial, and it is the same with the trade talks,” he said. “It is natural that we have differences and frictions, but the key is to properly resolve them through dialogue and consultation based on mutual respect, equality and mutual benefi t. I believe the right approach is not seeking the upper hand, but working together in the same direction.”
(Reporting from New York City)
Copyedited by Sudeshna Sarkar
Comments to yanwei@bjreview.com
标签：悬架论文; 溶质论文; 单片机论文; 车辆论文; 模块论文; 政治论文; 法律论文; 外交论文; 国际关系论文; 中国外交论文; 对外关系论文; 《BeijingReview》2019年第42期论文;