New China-Japan strategic talks show positive signs By Shi Yongming
通过以上分析和讨论，本文基于模块建模方法，研究了碳限额与交易下多配方—多铁种高炉炼铁生产计划问题。本文的创新点主要有两方面：①从问题角度，本文以多配方—多铁种高炉炼铁生产计划问题为切入点，探讨了碳限额与交易政策下的两种碳排放约束——周期性碳约束和累计碳约束，对高炉生产计划的影响；②从模型角度，本文对基本模块模型进行了扩展，将多配方—多铁种因素以及两种碳排放约束——周期性碳约束和累计碳约束，纳入到基本模块模型中，构建了两种带有碳约束的多配方—多铁种高炉生产计划MILP模块模型。
A visitor walks past a set of Qing Dynasty illustrations during a preview of the exhibition Three Kingdoms: Unveiling the Story at the Tokyo National Museum on July 8
The author is an op-ed contributor to Beijing Review and a senior researcher on international studies
China and Japan have resumed a new round of strategic dialogue after a sevenyear hiatus. Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Le Yucheng and Japanese Vice Foreign Minister Takeo Akiba co-chaired the dialogue in Nagano, Japan, in early August. The two sides concluded candid and in-depth exchanges on bilateral relations as well as international and regional issues of common interest, reaffirming that they will actively implement the consensus reached at a leaders’ meeting on the sidelines of the Group of 20 Summit in the Japanese city of Osaka in June, and strive to build China-Japan relations in line with the requirements of the new era.
Launched in 2005, China-Japan strategic dialogue is an important platform for the two countries to communicate ideas, enhance mutual understanding, seek consensus and build mutual political trust. Thus, the resumption of the dialogue is a sign that the call to return to a normal track of bilateral ties is being pursued. The turnaround in China-Japan relations in the past two years has shown some practical changes, creating favorable conditions for the future.
Positive changes
The Japanese side began to adjust its policy toward China in 2017, when the international situation became increasingly complicated and unpredictable. In May of that year, Toshihiro Nikai, General Secretary of Japan’s ruling Liberal Democratic Party, led a delegation to China to attend the First Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation (BRF). During his talks with Chinese President Xi Jinping, Nikai expressed a desire to improve bilateral ties and presented a personal letter signed by Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe inviting Chinese politicians, especially the president, to visit Japan.
In April 2018, the Fourth China-Japan High-Level Economic Dialogue reached consensus on calling for outcomes on Belt and Road cooperation and promoting third-party cooperation between the two countries. In May, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang attended the Seventh Japan-China-ROK Trilateral Summit, coupling it with an offi cial visit to Japan, where the two sides signed the Memorandum on China-Japan Cooperation in the Third-Party Market.
In June of the same year, Japan did not participate in the signing of an agreement that provided the legal framework for the multilateral Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), passing up the opportunity to become a founding member. At the same time, Japan and the U.S. were actively promoting the Trans-Pacific Partnership negotiations to economically contain countries such as China. Interestingly enough, only two years later, Japan had to change its policy toward the Belt and Road Initiative.
公司对行业现状明年情况保持警醒和客观的态度，即便在行业发展较为艰难的情况下，也将力争保持收入的正增长。同时，公司将强调资源投放的费效比，避免无效的费用支出。2019年公司发展将聚焦5个关键词：“升品牌、扩市场、稳架构、健康行和抓机遇”。
This shift was not merely caused by the current international chaos. A decisive factor is that the initiative is not a strategy seeking hegemony or confrontation; instead, it is a win-win concept of cooperation in line with the current global trend. The initiative is also beneficial to Japan’s long-held strategy of opening up new markets. It is this realization that has led Japan to adjust its policy.
The improvement in China-Japan relations has provided timely benefits to Japan as the scale of bilateral trade has rebounded rapidly. Trade volume between the two countries was 33.34 trillion yen ($312.9 billion) in 2017, a record high, according to statistics provided by Japan’s Ministry of Finance.
Abe, who took office for the second time in December 2012, with the main agenda of getting rid of the post-war system, actively implemented a series of policies to contain China. He envisaged a strategy whereby Australia, India, Japan and the United States would form a “democratic security diamond” to “safeguard” the maritime commons stretching from the Indian Ocean to the western Pacifi c with the actual intent of competing with China. Meanwhile, Abe described his approach to diplomacy—seeking partnership with countries that share similar values—as taking a bird’s eye view of the world. His foreign policy, similar to his valueoriented diplomacy during his first term in offi ce, was actively carried out.
他们都以为太阳东升的卯时，对面正好是生肖“鸡”所在的“酉”位，故太阳中的黑影，自然是酉位的鸡所映入；至于太阳西落的酉时，对面正好是生肖是“兔”的“卯”位，故月中的阴影，便是东方卯值的兔映照到西方的太阳上，又折射到月亮上的影子所产生。此外，对于月中的“桂树”，他们则认为是东方的扶桑树映照到日中的反影。这种以十二地支与对应的生肖相映入日、月的原理来解释“日中有鸡”“月中有兔与桂”之说，实颇有牵强附会之嫌。
Along with Nikai, Japan sent Takaya Imai, Abe’s executive secretary and close confi dant, to attend the First BRF. Imai’s presence indicated that the visit was not only an attempt to create an environment for improving bilateral relations, but also to show Japan’s shift toward a positive response to the Belt and Road Initiative which was put forward by the Chinese Government in 2013.
Japan showed a mixed attitude toward the Belt and Road Initiative, while proposing competing plans. In May 2015, the Japanese Cabinet announced that it would invest $110 billion in Asian countries over the following fi ve years to meet the huge capital demand for infrastructure construction in the region. This was likely to launch a capital race with China.
雨量传感器主要的工作对象就是降水的数值收集与传递，然而在发生降水时雨量传感器如果没有显示出数值，并且并无降水记录，就证明雨量传感器出现了故障。在降水量较小时，如果雨量传感器没有降水记录，可能还犹豫雨量传感器的精度不足以计量降水，或者是集水装置在安装和使用的过当中，翻斗的灵活性不足。如果在降水量较大时，雨量传感器仍旧没有降水记录，那么就是由于传感器的内部产生堵塞或者是信号系统出现了问题。针对这一现象，雨量传感器需要及时进行排查，在堵塞的位置进行疏通。如果问题出在线路上，则需要检查各个线路是否正常，如果存在有问题需要及时维修或者更换。
Against this backdrop, Abe’s perception of China has also changed. When he attended a ceremony marking China’s National Day in 2017 at the Chinese Embassy in Tokyo hosted by Chinese Ambassador to Japan Cheng Yonghua, he expressed three views in his speech. Cooperation between Japan and China is not only important to both countries, but also indispensable to peace and prosperity in Asia and even the world, according to Abe. He said he firmly believes that cooperation in solving regional and global issues and making joint contributions to the international community will help build a brand new future in China-Japan relations. And he said that Japan is willing to make efforts to promote the development of a strategic and mutually benefi cial relationship between Japan and China.
Visitors select tea products at a Japanese booth during a tea expo held in Rizhao in Shandong Province on July 26
Subsequently, before his visit to China in 2018, Abe said that he expected to expand the exchanges between the two peoples in various fields and lift bilateral relations to “a new stage” with the support of high level exchanges. Japanese media also commented that under the countries’ two leaders, bilateral relations are gaining momentum, seeking an era that goes from competition to collaboration. During his visit last October, Abe put forward his proposal of “switching from competition to collaboration.” The fact is that China never showed any intention of competing with Japan. So Abe’s suggestion was more of a signal marking a shift in his country’s stance toward China.
Neighbors forever
This year, China-Japan relations have continued to warm up. During their talks in Osaka, Xi and Abe, reaffi rmed that China and Japan are “eternal neighbors.” Xi stressed that the two sides should always abide by the principles set forth in the four political documents signed between China and Japan, implement the political consensus that they are cooperative partners and not a threat to each other, enhance mutual trust, and push China-Japan relations along the right track of peace, friendship and cooperation.
Normally, relations between countries are defi ned in accordance with political conditions, while relations between neighboring countries are an objective reality. The positioning of apolitical eternal neighbors is based on a shared culture since good-neighborliness is one of the core values in Confucianism. However, some Western values tend to choose beggarthy-neighbor policies in international relations. In Asian culture, the emphasis on neighbors signifi es that two countries should always live in peace and resolve differences through peaceful means. This will continue to be the bottom line for the future development of China-Japan relations.
The most important issue facing relations will be how to build bilateral ties in line with the consensus of the two leaders and meet the requirements of the new era. China and Japan should give full play to the foundation of Asian civilization, get rid of the obsolete thinking mode of power competition and interest gaming, and strive to build an equal and win-win world through cooperation. This should also be the guiding ideology of future China-Japan strategic dialogue.
所得到的仿真模型图包括：BOOST电路，电压控制环路和一个串联电源扰动电路，一个串联电阻扰动，一个并联电阻扰动。具体设计如图6所示。
Copyedited by Rebeca Toledo
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